Alfred, R., Taiani, J. T., Krawetz, R. J., Yamashita, A., Rancourt, D. E., & Kallos, M. S. (2011). Large-scale production of murine embryonic stem cell-derived osteoblasts and chondrocytes on microcarriers in serum-free media. Biomaterials, 32(26), 6006-6016
doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.04.015

In this study, serum-free protocols are presented for the successful production of murine embryonic stem cell (mESC) derived osteoblasts and chondrocytes on CultiSpher S macroporous microcarriers in stirred suspension bioreactors. e. In addition, the ESCs maintained their pluripotency after long-term culture (28 days) in serum-free medium. This is the first time mESCs have been cultured on microcarriers without prior exposure to serum and/or fibroblasts, while also eliminating the excessive agglomeration plaguing earlier studies. These protocols provide an economical, practical, serum-free means for expanding ESCs in a stirred suspension bioprocess.

The formulations of the high glucose DMEM-KSR and DMEM-KSR based Maintenance medium, Osteogenic medium and Chondrogenic medium are listed in the Materials and Methods under the heading; 2.2. Culture medium.